Monday, June 18, 2018

TASMANIA / NEW ZEALAND HOBART - DUNEDIN TAIAROA HEAD ROYAL ALBATROSS COLONY Late 19th Century photographs from the albums of George Bullough, collected during his three year-long world tour 1892-1895.


TASMANIA & NEW  ZEALAND  
HOBART, DUNEDIN,  PORT CHALMERS, NELSON, TAIAROA Taiaroa Head and Royal Albatross Colony, 


Map: Encyclopǽdia Britannica Volume XXII  1892


FRONT COVER OF ALBUM XI  -  TASMANIA   NEW ZEALAND

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HOBART
Album XI * Image 1  *  Size 9 x 7 inches.  
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.


Hobart in the County of Buckingham, lies along the River Derwent, 
which flows into Storm Bay.
Map: Encyclopǽdia Britannica Volume XXII  1892

HOBART
Album XI * Image 1  *  Detail from full size 9 x 7 inches. 
 Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.
HOBART FROM EXHIBITION TOWER
Album X * Image 18  *  Full size 9 x 6¾ inches 
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

HOBART FROM GLEBE.
Album X * Image 19  *  Detail from full size 9 x 6¾ inches 
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

THE WHARVES AT HOBART.
Album X * Image 20  *  Size 9 x7 inches 
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

THE WHARVES AT HOBART.
Album X * Image 20  *  Detail from full size 9 x7 inches 
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

HOBART FROM BAY. 
Album X * Image 21 * Full size 9 x 6¾ inches. 
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.




HOBART FROM BELLERIVE. 
Album X * Image 22 * Detail from full size 9 x 7 inches.
 Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

TOWN HALL, McQUARRIE STREET, HOBART. 
Album X * Image 23 * Detail from full size 9 x 7 inches. 
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

THE GENERAL POST OFFICE, McQUARRIE STREET, HOBART, TASMANIA
Album X * Image 24 * Size 9 x 7 inches. 
Original by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.


 


Holy Trinity Church, Hobart, circa.1868.
THE HIGH ALTAR -  TRINITY CHURCH, HOBART (DETAIL)
Album XI * Image 5 * Detail - Full size 9 x 7 inches.
Original No. 767B by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.



Stained Glass in Holy Trinity Church, 50 Warwick Street, Hobart, Tasmania. 
(Auguste Fischer, c.1898)


            
                                                                                    
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Album XI  *  Image    *  Size 9 x 7 inches.




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TASMANIAN INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, HOBART 1894-1895.  
MAIN BUILDING.
Album XI  *  Image 2  *  Edited from full size 8½ x 6 inches.
Photograph by J. W. Beattie 
from a drawing by Thomas Searell, F.R.V.I.A., M.S.A. (Architect Public Works Dept.)

An exhibition of industry, science and art held on the Queen’s Domain, Hobart, 
a small hilly area north-east of the city, land that traditionally “belongs to the people” 
as commissioned by Governor Sir Henry Young, K.C.M.G., in 1860.


Powerhouse Collection


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RAPIDS AT BROWNS RIVER
Album XI * Image 6 * Size 9 x 7 inches.
Original No. 97B by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

South of Hobart, Browns River flows gently eastwards descending 1,522 feet 
over its 7½ mile course. A perennial river, it is named after Scottish botanist 
Robert Brown, F.R.S.E. (1773-1858), who collected samples in 1804 shortly before 
the adjacent area was settled becoming known as Browns River. 
It was renamed, Kingston, in 1851.

Album XI  *  Image 7  *  Size 9 x 7 inches  *  Beattie Hobart.

Despite much searching, using various configurations of words and spelling,
 no record of this image or its subject have been found.

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UNIVERSITY HOUSE  -  UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA
Album XI * Image 3 * Size 9 x 7 inches.
Original photograph by John Watt Beattie, Photographer, Hobart.

NOTE: The photograph in Album XI is simply labelled "building".

The University of Tasmania was inaugurated on the 1st of January 1890 and today 
is classed in the top two per cent of universities worldwide.

In mid-1892 it moved into the former Hobart High School, an ornate sandstone building 
on Queen’s Domain, which became known as University House.


Founded in 1848 by a group of leading churchmen the grand neo-Gothic High School,
 was designed by architect Alexander Dawson, originally from Haddington, East Lothian, 
Scotland, who emigrated to the then Van Diemen's Land in 1844.
A trained architect with a background in the Civil Branch of the Royal Engineers 
at Dover, England, he practised in Hobart before being appointed Colonial Clerk of Works 
in 1849, holding the office until 1856 when he accepted the post of Colonial Architect 
for New South Wales. He resigned in 1862 and left Australia. 
The school, built on a grant of land on the Queens Domain by Messrs. Cleghorn and Anderson, 
was for the “instruction of youth in the higher branches of learning as taught in the 
superior classical and mathematical schools in England”, and opened in 1850. 

 In 1892 the building was sold to the newly established University of Tasmania.
After the University moved to its current location in Sandy Bay in 1962 the building 
was occupied by the Tasmanian School of Art until 1971. 
In 2011 it was re-acquired by the University of Tasmania after being vacant and
 unused for many years. Now known as Domain House it is undergoing major 
conservation and restoration with the intention it can once again play an important 
role as part of the University of Tasmania in the 21st Century.

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NEW ZEALAND  -  SOUTH ISLAND
  PORT CHALMERS, DUNEDIN, 
TAIAROA  HEAD,  ROYAL  ALBATROSS  COLONY.

  DUNEDIN
Port Chalmers, sea port for Dunedin.

PORT CHALMERS FROM DECK OF STEAMER
Album XI  *  Image 3  *  Edited from original size 7½ x 5 inches by Morris Photo No. 3.

PORT CHALMERS FROM DECK OF STEAMER
Album XI  *  Image 3  *  Detail from original by Morris Photo No. 3.

Possessing extensive piers and a graving dock Port Chalmers is the sea port of Dunedin, 
located on the south-east corner of South Island, New Zealand. Founded by a group of 
Free Church of Scotland emigrants in 1848 Dunedin lies fifteen miles from the open sea 
and nine miles by rail from Port Chalmers. Capital cityof the provincial district of Otago, 
its population at the turn of the 19th century was 36,000, it was 128,000 in 2016.

PORT CHALMERS FROM DECK OF STEAMER
Album XI  *  Image 3  *  Detail from original by Morris Photo No. 3.

 Noted for fine displays of rhododendrons, the name Dunedin comes from the Maori
 word meaning ochrefound in the area and used by the natives or painting their
 bodies when preparing for battle.

In 1861 gold was discovered along the Taupeka River, forty-five miles west south west 
of Dunedin, bringing growth and great prosperity to the thirteen year old town.

PORT CHALMERS FROM DECK OF STEAMER
Album XI  *  Image 3  *  Detail from original by Morris Photo No. 3.

Taiaroa Head, at the tip of the Otago Peninsula, is the only place on earth
 where a colony of  Royal Albatross (Diomedea epomophora) nest on a mainland site. 

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From: Encyclopǽdia Britannica Volume XXII  1892.

GRAND HOTEL DUNEDIN   
Album XI  *  Image 3  * Edited from original size 8 x 6 inches 
Original photograph by Morris Photo No. 51.






GRAND HOTEL DUNEDIN   
Album XI  *  Image 3  * Detail from full size 8 x 6 inches by Morris Photo No. 51

The extensive premises of William Reid, Seedsman and Florist, face Princes Street, Dunedin. 
Reid's specialise in Wedding & Ball Bouquets in the latest Parisian styles; Agricultural Flower and Vegetable Seeds in Every Variety, plus Shrubs, Fruit and Forest Trees of every description.

The figures stand by the Princes Street entrance to the Grand Hotel and Toilet Club
The Club offered Wig Hire and Ladies Hair Dressing, there was also the Grand Hotel 
Tailoring and Outfitting Establishment.

BELOW: The Grand Hotel in 2016.

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D U N E D I N

Description of Dunedin in 1892 two years before Bullough and Mitchell's visit.


The building left is the Telegraph Office.



Steinhoff Buildings, 1863, in front of which is the Cargill Monument, “... one of the finest 
and neatest pieces of early Decorated English Gothic architecture to be met with anywhere.”

It was while a serving officer in the British Army that Captain William Walter Cargill,
founded the Otago settlement in March 1848. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1784, 
Cargill joined the army aged eighteen in 1802 and served with distinction in Spain, France
and India. He married in 1813 and fathered seventeen children.
Circumstances necessitated him selling his commission in 1820. 
From then until he sailed to New Zealand on board the 662 ton ship John Wickliffe, 
(named after the 14th century philosopher and reformer), Cargill worked
as a wine merchant in Scotland.
In 1853 he was elected Superintendent of Otago Province and served as an independent 
member of parliament for Dunedin County. In October 1859 he resigned 
his pubic duties, and died of a stroke on the 6th of August 1860.
William Cargill is buried in Dunedin Southern Cemetery alongside his wife and three 
of their children. The inscription on the large memorial reads:

In Memory of William Cargill, Esq.,
formerly a captain in the 74th Highlanders
Founder of the Settlement and First Superintendent of the Province of Otago
where he landed on 23 March 1848 and died 6  August 1860 Aged 76.
Here also by His side lie the remains of Mary Ann Yates his wife of 46 years
who survived him 11 years and died 28 October 1871 aged 81.

Sculpted from Tasmanian sandstone by George Kemp, the Cargill monument
was designed by Charles Robert Swyer and built in 1863/64 when it was erected in
The Octagon, an eight-sided plaza at Dunedin’s centre laid out in 1846.
Following the death of Cargill's wife in 1872 it was moved to Custom House Square 
to allow construction of a roadway connecting Princes Street and George Street.

  National Library of New Zealand / Robert Percy Moore image circa 1925.
                
Barely thirty years later motor cars have arrived, electric trams have  replaced horse dawn trams. 
The Grand Hotel (left) is still there but the Dentist and Evans Land Agency no longer so.

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The view is down High Street to Custom House Square and the Cargill Monument.

The Wholesale and Family Warehouse premises of D.I.C., Drapery Importing Company 
of New Zealand, Ltd. are next but one to the Grand Hotel on the corner.
D.I.C. commenced trading in Dunedin in 1884 later opening premises in Wellington and Christchurch, its Chairman of Directors was Bendix Hallenstein, born in Germany in 1835.
Aged twenty-two he emigrated (via Manchester, England) to Australia along with his brothers.
He returned to England to marry Mary Mountain on Valentine’s Day 1861
before returning and settling in New Zealand in 1863.

For more information on D.I.C. and its founder please enter the link below on Google:
Bendix Hallenstein and family – Otago – Te Ara Encyclopedia …


Wholesale and Family Warehouse.
The Drapery Importer Company of New Zealand, Ltd.

Advertisement for Christchurch Branch D. I. C.




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THE CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL, DUNEDIN
Album XI * Image 13 * Size 8 x 5¾ inches * Original photograph by Morris Photo No. 96

The Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. Joseph lies on the west side of Dunedin.
 Designed in Gothic Revival style by New Zealand born architect Francis William Petre,
 (1847-1918), building started in 1878 with the first service being held in February 1886.

 The original plan included a 200 foot high spire, but this was never completed. Needless, 
the twin towers and central rose window are reminiscent of Chartres and Notre Dame in France.

The photograph (above) is particularly interesting in 
that it shows the single track cable rail system running up Rattray Street to the Dunedin suburb of Roslyn,* 

almost 500 feet above the city centre.

Designed by tramway and mining engineer
 George Smith Duncan the 2,464 yard, single cable line 
track to Roslyn, maximum gradient 1 in 6
was installed in January 1881 and opened the following month, on the 6th  of February.

 It was converted to double track (left *) three years later. 
After seventy-five years it ran for the last time on
the 26th  of October 1956.


 (*  Image from “Glimpses of New Zealand” 1896)

     For a full history of the Dunedin Cable Railway go to:
When the Endless Wire Rope Stopped in Dunedin, New Zealand


CABLE TRAM TO ROSLYN  -  THE CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL, DUNEDIN
Album XI * Image 13 * Detail from size 8 x 5¾ inches * From original photograph by Morris Photo No. 96.

The tram cars were twelve feet in length and designed to carry sixteen passengers.
The ride cost 3d. equal to about 75p. UK.  (US$ 1) today.

Note the overtaking loop on the corner - about half-way up.

* Roslyn, which runs in the form of a crescent along the city’s western edge, 
was named after Roslyn, a village in Midlothian, Scotland, 
today famous for the animal research Roslyn Institute
(part of the University of Edinburgh), where in 1996 Dolly 
the sheep became the first animal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell.


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THE BOY'S HIGH SCHOOL, DUNEDIN
Album XI * Image 14 * Size 8 x 5¾ inches * Original photograph by Morris Photo No. 99

The School Motto reads:

Recti Cultus Pectora Roborant   -   “The right education makes the heart strong as oak.”

Situated on high ground overlooking Dunedin from which it is a prominent landmark,
 Dunedin Boy’s High School was founded on the 3rd of August 1863 and moved to its current site in 
Arthur Street, two years later. Constructed of local stone, the Gothic Revival style building was designed by Robert Lawson one of New Zealand’s pre-eminent 19th century architects.

Robert Arthur Lawson was born in 1833 at Newburgh, 
Fife, Scotland, his father was a carpenter.
Inspired by the creativity of his father’s trade young 
Robert studied architecture in Perth and later in 
Edinburgh under the prominent early 19th century 
Scottish architect, James Gillespie Graham.

In 1854, aged twenty-one, he emigrated to Australia, 
arriving in Melbourne in July the same year where he struggled to earn a living gold mining and as a journalist. 
By 1858, realising little likelihood of achieving success
 in either, twenty-five year old Lawson turned his attention and skills to architecture; designing the Catholic School and Free Church School at Steiglitz, west of Melbourne
 prior to accepting a permanent position as an architect.

The Otago gold rush (1860-1864) brought almost 
twenty-thousand prospectors to New Zealand, 
including Robert Lawson. In January 1862 he 
entered and won a competition to design the 
First (Presbyterian) Church in Dunedin, the rapidly
 expanding new settlement set to become New Zealand’s commercial capital in the last decades of the 19th century.

The First Church, considered today Lawson’s architectural masterpiece, was pictured on a 1958 stamp to commemorate the centenary of the founding of Otago’s Dunedin Settlement on the
23rd March 1848 with the arrival of the first two immigrant ships from Scotland,
the John Wickliffe and the Philip Laing, a date still celebrated as Otago Day.

Captain William Cargill was the secular leader of the Free Church of Scotland group.
A former captain in the 74th Highlanders, Cargill is credited as the founder of the 
Otago Settlement and its First Superintendent. 
The Cargill Monument to his memory is in Dunedins Custom House Square.

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THE UNIVERSITY BUILDING, DUNEDIN
Album XI * Image 14 * Detail from size 8 x 5½ inches * Original photograph by Morris No. 100

The Gothic revival building was designed by English born Maxwell Bury, (1825-1912), 
a trained engineer who had served as such in the merchant marine, and dates from 1878.
The eye-catching construction, the result of a competition, is a combination of dark Leith Valley basalt and Oamaru stone, a hard compact limestone, under a slate roof. 
The foundation being Port Chalmers breccia.
Maxwell Bury married Eleanor Sarah Deighton in England in 1854 and later the same year 
they arrived in Melbourne, Australia. Shortly thereafter they sailed to Nelson New Zealand.


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DUNEDIN FROM ROSLYN
Album XI  *  Image 15  *  Detail from size  8 x 5½ inches
Original photograph by Morris No. 72


TRAFALGAR STREET, NELSON, N.Z.
Album XI * Image 31 * Tyree Photo. 1286.  Full size 9½ x 7 inches.
Christ Church Cathedral on the hill.




TRAFALGAR STREET, NELSON, N.Z.
Album XI * Image 31 * Tyree Photo. 1286.  Detail from full size 9½ x 7 inches.

TRAFALGAR STREET, NELSON, N.Z.
Album XI * Image 31 * Tyree Photo. 1286.  Detail from full size 9½ x 7 inches.

TRAFALGAR STREET, NELSON, N.Z.
Album XI * Image 31 * Tyree Photo. 1286.  Detail from full size 9½ x 7 inches.

T. USHER BOOT & SHOE MAKER

The Nelson Evening Mail - 17 July 1868.

THE PHOTOGRAPHER






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See Mark Royo Celano's website.

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ORIGINALLY POSTED 26 JUNE 2018

REVIEWED WITH ADDITIONAL MATERIAL 21 FEBRUARY MMXXIII


 THE GRAND WORLD TOUR OF GEORGE BULLOUGH 1892-1895
will  continue  with  BLOG 73
Further photographs of New Zealand
QUEENSTOWN, MYLFORD SOUND, LYTTLETON



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