Art Treasures of Kinloch Castle: CHRISTCHURCH NEW ZEALAND

CHRISTCHURCH NEW ZEALAND

Late 19^th Century photographs from the albums of Sir George Bullough,

(he was knighted in 1902), collected during his three year-long world tour 1892-1895.

TIME OF VISIT OCTOBER / NOVEMBER 1894.

Researched and written by George W. Randall, co-founder in July 1996 and former

Vice Chairman Kinloch Castle Friends’ Association.

CATHEDRAL AND SQUARE CHRISTCHURCH

(Photograph pre-1894 when a porch was added,

the transepts and chancel completed construction in 1904.)
Album XI * Image 30 * Size 8½ x 5¾ inches * Original by Wheeler & Son.

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BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION -

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Time of George Bullough's visit to New Zealand November 1894.

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Recollections of the first half of the three year-long world tour of
George Bullough and his travelling companion Robert Mitchell were published
in a series of twenty-eight articles by Mitchell in the
Lancashire regional newspaper The Accrington Gazette in 1896.

Regrettably the Gazette reports, only cover the first half of the tour,
the photographs of which appear in the first ten of the twenty albums.

This blog continues with the remaining photographs of Christchurch,

in Album XI, (titled Tasmania & New Zealand), plus contemporary explanatory notes.

Cover Album XI - Tasmania New Zealand.
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CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND.

description published 1892.

Christchurch is capital of the Provincial District of Canterbury, South Island,
New Zealand, a rich agricultural area for cereal, grazing and
rearing of sheep for wool and meat.

Located on the River Avon, which winds through the city bordered by

fine English and Australian trees, terraces and gardens, the town is known

as “The Garden City” because of the number and beauty of its public

and private gardens which provide pleasant drives and walks.

Christchurch City Library

Built on a regular grid pattern Christchurch is connected to its port at Lyttleton

by rail a distance of eight miles

and the towns of Culverden
to the north and Dunedin to the south.

The first settlers, known as the Canterbury Pilgrims, settled at Lyttleton in 1850 and founded Christchurch the following year.
The names of these first immigrants who arrived in 1850 aboard four sailing ships are engraved on a plaque in the Cathedral.

The population in 1855 was 3,549 and by the turn of the 19^th century exceeded 45,000.

(Encyclopædia Britannica 11^th Edition)

CATHEDRAL AND SQUARE CHRISTCHURCH
(Photograph pre-1894 when a porch was added
and later transepts and chancel to complete construction in 1904.)
Album XI * Image 30 * Detail from original size 8½ x 5¾ inches
Original by Wheeler & Son.

Porch added 1894.

CATHEDRAL SQUARE, CHRISTCHURCH
Album XI * Image 29 * Size 8½ x 5¾ inches

Built of local Canterbury stone in Gothic Revival style from designs by

Sir Gilbert Scott, the greatest ecclesiastical architect of the day and

Benjamin Woolfield Mountfort, born in Birmingham, England in March 1825.

He emigrated to New Zealand with his new wife in 1850

rising to be one of the country's most prominent 19^th century architects.

The corner stone was laid on the 16^th of December 1864 in pouring rain by
Bishop Henry Harper** and dedicated to the Holy Trinity.
The foundations were completed the following year.

The population of Christchurch at this time was 6,423.

At this point funding ran out. Questions were raised regards the best use of

money. After considerable delay, building resumed in 1873 and at the time of

Bullough and Mitchell’s visit in 1894 was still a work in progress.

It took another ten years, with construction of the chancel and transepts,
before the Cathedral was finished.

The stone for the Cathedral's outer wall came from the Cashmere and
Hoon Hay Quarries on the Port Hills, seven miles from Christchurch;

Native matai (black pine) and totara timber,

(excellent young and easy to mill naturally regenerated trees),

from the adjacent Banks Peninsula were used for the decorated roof.

The tower stands 118 feet high, the spire a further 89 feet,

a total height to the cross of 207 feet.

The tower contained thirteen bells, the heaviest being almost two tons.

Access to the belfry was gained via a 113 step stone stairway.

The completed Cathedral was consecrated on All Saint’s Day 1904.

The baptismal font was designed for the Dean of Westminster,

the Reverend Stanley “in memory of his brother, Captain Owen Stanley

of H.M.S. Britomart by whose patriotism and promptitude the

South Island of New Zealand was secured to

Great Britain in (February) 1840.”

incorporates grey Hoon Hay stone medallions set on four stone columns.

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Standing on six columns of grey Hoon Hay quarried sandstone,

the pulpit is a Memorial commemorating the life (1809-1878)

of George Augustus Selwyn, first Anglican Bishop

of New Zealand, 1858-1868. It is finely decorated and inlaid with

seven marble reliefs each illustrating a scene from Bishop Selwyn’s life.

The pulpit was first used on All Saint's Day, 1884.

The Foundations cost £7,526; Building over the foundation £50,525;

Tower and Spire £6,531; Western Porch £1,000. Total: £65,582

(Figures supplied by Mr. C. J. Mountfort - Supervising architect)

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Allan Hopkins
Christchurch
City Libraries.

CATHEDRAL SQUARE, CHRISTCHURCH
Allan Hopkins Estate Agent
Album XI * Image 29 * Detail from original size 8½ x 5¾ inches.

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The double-fronted Chambers of Allan Hopkins, Estate Agent,
No. 8 Cathedral Square, Christchurch, across from

(facing) the Bank of New Zealand.

Hansom cabs and carriages await customers in the

foreground while a horse drawn tram is about to pass in front of Allan Hopkins’ offices.

At the time of George Bullough's visit in 1894 Allan Hopkins was a

highly successful businessman and pillar of Christchurch Society.

William Allan Hopkins was born on the 31^stof December 1857

at the small market town of Cheadle, Staffordshire, the second youngest

son of John and Mary Hopkins, émigrés to England owing to the

Irish potato famine 1845-1852.

In 1881, aged twenty-four, Allan emigrated to Canterbury, New Zealand.
During the voyage he met and later married Sarah Roebuck travelling

with her parents. Following their marriage in February 1882 Sarah’s father,

William, a successful woolen manufacturer, purchased some property to

help secure the couple’s future.

For the next ten years Hopkins worked as a builder, contractor and commission agent.

By 1892 he is recorded as leasing No. 8, Cathedral Square in his new role as a
“House, Land and Estate Agent, Valuator and Land Broker”
with additional premises at 133 Hereford Street.

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CATHEDRAL SQUARE, CHRISTCHURCH
Album XI * Image 29 * Detail from original size 8½ x 5¾ inches.

North-east corner of Cathedral Square.

Sign on canopy (middle right) reads: Lavender.

Steam trams on rails beginning to replace horse-drawn vehicles.

CATHEDRAL AND SQUARE CHRISTCHURCH
Album XI * Image 30 * Size 8½ x 5¾ inches * Original by Wheeler & Son

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Despite success and a beautiful home, Hopkins was not spared family tragedy.

Allan and Sarah had seven children, five daughters and two sons;

Daisy, Gertrude, Serena, Millicent, Dora, Luther and Allan.

In 1893 his eight year old daughter, Daisy, died of a chest abscess. A second daughter, Serena, died of meningitis in 1912, while Dora succumbed to tuberculosis in 1920.
His son, Allan jnr., was a skilled surgeon who rose to be medical superintendent at
Westland Hospital, Hokitika, where in 1931 he died aged thirty-four of
the serious bacterial infection diphtheria.

But it was the eldest son, Luther, who was instrumental is his father's fall from grace.
In 1911 and 1912 Allan took his wife and daughters on a visit to Europe.
Millicent in particular enjoyed hearing the Italian operatic tenor Enrico Caruso and
seeing the young Ukrainian ballet dancer, Vaslav Nijinsky,
one of the greatest male dancers of the 20^th century.

Meanwhile Luther Hopkins, a trained lawyer, was entrusted to run his father’s business. He failed miserably. Bad real estate transactions, failed mortgages

and financial irregularities resulted in a flood of law suits to the point

bankers withdrew support.

In the years following his return Allan tried many ways to stave off the inevitable,

which came in April 1921 when he was adjudged bankrupt, his assets coming

under the jurisdiction of the Official Assignee.

The full story of Allan Hopkins’ career, which took him from the “shadows to riches and, after a spectacular crash back to obscurity” can be viewed on the website below.

Allan Hopkins - Christchurch City Libraries

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CATHEDRAL SQUARE, CHRISTCHURCH
Album XI * Image 29 * Detail from original size 8½ x 5¾ inches

The statue was unveiled by Mr. C. C. Bowen, Mr. Godley's former private secretary.

STATUE OF JOHN ROBERT GODLEY
FOUNDER OF CANTERBURY - 1850

In 1867, three years after the foundation stone for the Gothic Cathedral was laid and facing Christchurch Cathedral, the bronze statue of John Robert Godley was erected by the citizens of the city, .

Arriving in May 1850 Godley and Edward Gibbon Wakefield headed a pioneering group to establish a port and infrastructure in readiness for the arrival of the first Canterbury colonists.

In early September 1850 four sailing ships left England

carrying seven hundred and fifty men, women and children,

the Canterbury Pilgrims, arriving at the port of Lyttleton,

(at the time known as Port Cooper), seven miles east of Christchurch, three months later were met by John Godley
as leader of the settlement.

Statue of
John Robert Godley
The Story of Christchurch
Henry Wigram - 1916

John Robert Godley was born in Dublin, Ireland, on the 29^th of May 1814, the eldest son of an Irish landlord. He was educated at Harrow School, near London, founded in 1572 by Royal Charter granted by Queen Elizabeth I,

and later at Christ’s College, Oxford. His wish was to become a lawyer, but poor health, which dogged him all of his forty-seven years, prevented this ambition. Instead he travelled, in his native country and North America where he formulated his ideas on how colonies should be established and governed

Edward Gibbon Wakefield was born on the 20^th of March 1796 in London, son of Edward Wakefield,
English philanthropist, statistician and author of
“Ireland, Statistical and Political.”

He was educated in London and Edinburgh. He served as a messenger to King George III conveying diplomatic mail across Europe during the Napoleonic Wars. By 1831 he was involved in a number of schemes to promote colonisation of

South Australia, thus relieving the social problems he saw as a result of overcrowding and over population.

By the late 1840’s Wakefield was working with John Robert Godley on a scheme to promote a settlement in New Zealand sponsored by the Church of England in the form of the Archbishop of Canterbury, English peers and members of parliament.

Known as the Canterbury Settlement, the pioneer group, with Godley in command,

left England in December 1849. The capital city was to be called Christchurch

after the Oxford University College Godley attended.

Godley was leader of the new settlement for two years in which time he changed

the Canterbury Association's terms for pastoral leases believing the purpose of the Association was to found Canterbury, not govern it; the people living there should

decide how it was to be run not politicians half a world away in England.

John Godley returned to England in 1852 where he died on the 17^th of November 1861.

Edward Gibbon Wakefield died in Wellington, New Zealand, on the 16^th of May 1862.

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CATHEDRAL AND SQUARE CHRISTCHURCH
Album XI * Image 30 * Detail from size 8½ x 5¾ inches

John Walker Gibb 1831-1909.
Christchurch Art Gallery

These shops are in Morten's Buildings facing Hereford Street directly across from the Cathedral.

J. W. GIBB
PICTURE FRAME MAKER - ARTIST'S MATERIALS

An artist in his own right and on the Council of the Canterbury Society of Arts, John H. Gibb was in business as a Picture Frame Maker and purveyor of imported artist's materials.

One of the first professional artists to settle in Christchurch John Walker Gibb arrived in the city 1876 and quickly became a key member of the arts circle and foundation member of the Canterbury Society of Arts. As he travelled around the country Gibb sketched and made notes which he later committed to canvas.

Examples of his landscape paintings can be found on this link:

Where the picture stops and the world begins - Christchurch Art Gallery

Inside the breakwater Lyttleton Harbour 1886 - oil on canvas by John Gibb.

From: Canterbury Society of Arts Annual Catalogue 1892.

J. W. Gibb, Picture Framer, Artist's Colourman and Art Dealer, 105 Cashel Street, Christchurch.

For more information on John W. Gibb enter the following link on Google:

https://christchurchartgallery.org.nz/media/uploads/2010_08/JohnGibb.pdf

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KIDD - TAILOR & HATTER

CATHEDRAL AND SQUARE CHRISTCHURCH
Album XI * Image 30 * Detail from size 8½ x 5¾ inches
Original by Wheeler & Son.

The business of Kidd - Tailor and Hatter, Hereford Street, Christchurch,
next door to J. W. Gibb, Picture Frame Maker in Morten's Buildings.

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Aerial photograph of Cathedral Square focusing in on the Cathedral
by K. E. Niven & Co., Wellington. Undated but no later than 1954
the year the visible trams were withdrawn.

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CHRIST CHURCH EAST
TAKEN FROM THE TOPMOST STONE OF THE SPIRE OF THE CATHEDRAL
JUST BEFORE THE CROSS WAS PUT UP AFTER THE (1888) EARTHQUAKE.

Album XI * Image 26 * Size 8½ x 6 inches

Built in the Gothic Revival style from designs by Sir Gilbert Scott and Benjamin Woolfield Mountfort.
The Cathedral spire, from which the photograph
was taken was 207 feet high.

Canterbury Plains on which the the city of Christchurch and its cathedral stand continues to suffer earthquake damage, the most recent

and most devastating in 2011.
In 1881, within barely four weeks after the Cathedral's consecration, a stone was dislodged from the finial cap of the spire immediately below the terminal cross.

The earthquake of the 1^st of September 1888 caused the top twenty-six feet of the spire to collapse. This is most likely the ’quake referred to in George Bullough’s photograph.
The earthquake resulted in the cross toppling and remained suspended by its iron ties bringing down about thirty feet of masonry. It was realised at this time that the iron rod anchors were too rigid to stand the severe shock of an earthquake. The solid iron cross was replaced by a lighter one made of hollow copper, gilded and set like the pendulum of a grandfather clock with a weight and chain attached, which, it was hoped, would swing undamaged
in any seismic shock.

Another earthquake on the 16^th of November 1901 again brought down the top half of the spire.

The earthquake on Christmas Day 1922 dislodged one of the stone crosses. But the ’quakes of 2010 and 2011 left the cathedral a ruin.

It was the devastating 6.3 magnitude earthquake in February 2011, followed by further ’quakes in June and December 2011 that left the Cathedral so badly damaged it raised the question of demolition.

Damage caused by the first of September 1888 earthquake. The Cross can be seen dangling by its iron ties on the right.

Christ Church Cathedral after partial demolition – September 2012.

Finally in September 2017, after six years, the Anglican Church announced that Christchurch Cathedral will be rebuilt to its basic design and strengthened against future ’quakes.
The re-building will be “much more resilient” to future seismic activity and include
weathered copper sheeting and an internal seismic damper.

The work will take ten years and cost almost $94 million (£70 million).

At the same time heating and seating will be improved.

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The Cathedral’s thirteen bells were cast in 1978 using bronze melted from the old

bells of Coventry’s Holy Trinity Church, to replace the original bells cast in 1881

by the John Taylor Bell Foundry at Loughborough, Leicestershire, England.

After hanging in the Bell Tower for thirty-three years they fell and were buried

in debris as the tower and part of the Cathedral itself collapsed during the

earthquake on 22^nd of February 2011.

The bells, which together weigh almost six tons, were recovered and shipped

back to Taylor’s Foundry where they will be assessed for damage and,

hopefully, restored to their original condition.

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CHRIST CHURCH EAST TAKEN FROM THE TOPMOST STONE

OF THE SPIRE OF THE CATHEDRAL JUST BEFORE

THE CROSS WAS PUT UP AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE.
Album XI * Image 26 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches

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The Wool Store premises of F. C. Tabart,

Auctioneers and Wool Brokers, (above lower left) not only dealt

in wool, but the importation and selling of native and imported sheep.

F. C. Tabart were also auctioneers of household effects - see their advertisement (left) from The Press Monday 23^rd of March 1891

The Australian Pastoralist’s Review of December 1897 reports that “during Christchurch Show Week Mr. F. C. Tabart imported

and sold a number of imported Tasmanian Shropshire ram hoggets,

two bred by by Mr. Burberry of Jericho sold for 20 and 12 guineas respectively, others by Mr. Steele, Forcett, sold for 17 guineas.”

Christchurch Show Day, the largest pastoral and agricultural event in New Zealand,
originated as a celebration to mark the arrival of the first two clipper ships to the region of
Canterbury on the 16^th of December 1850, the Charlotte Jane and the Randolph.

In the 1950’s the date was changed to the second Friday after the first Tuesday of November.

CHRIST CHURCH EAST TAKEN FROM THE TOPMOST STONE OF THE SPIRE
OF THE CATHEDRAL JUST BEFORE THE CROSS WAS PUT UP AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE (OF 1 SEPTEMBER 1888).

Album XI * Image 26 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches

Francis Christopher Tabart (right) was born in London (England) in 1830;
eight months later, his father having retired from the Royal Navy,
the family emigrated to Tasmania where Francis was educated.
Following the death of his father in 1855 Francis moved to Australia
gaining employment as manager overseeing large sheep and cattle
stations in the Riverina and Murray districts of Victoria.
A keen and skilled rider, in his mid-twenties, he won the coveted
Melbourne Grand National Steeplechase in 1855 on a horse called, “Triton.”

In 1857 he married twenty-four year old Margaret Hignett.
Returning to Tasmania he continued farming in his own right and
as a station manager. Five years later he sold-up and moved to New Zealand where he entered into partnership with politician Sir Richard Dry and Mr. J. Meredith
at their 85,000 acre Highfield Station in Nelson Province’s Amuri district.
A heavy snowstorm in 1869 so decimated the flock the farm was sold and partnership dissolved.

Now in his fortieth year, having purchased the auctioneering business of Mark Sprott,

Francis Tabart moved to the west coast town of Hokitika where he remained until 1877

when he moved to Christchurch as partner the auctioneering and general

merchanting business of Robert Wilkin & Co.

In 1886 Mr. Wilkin died and Tabart formed the business of F. C. Tabart & Co.,

of which he remained head until his death in 1901 at the age of seventy-one.
He is interred in Woolston Cemetery, Rutherford Street, Christchurch.

Francis Tabart was a highly respected and popular member of the Christchurch community

and beyond. For a number of years, resuming his love of horses and riding, he was an

honourary judge for the Canterbury Jockey Club. He left a widow, two sons and six daughters.

Reference: The Cyclopædia of New Zealand – Canterbury Provincial District.

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CHRIST CHURCH EAST TAKEN FROM THE TOPMOST STONE OF THE SPIRE
OF THE CATHEDRAL JUST BEFORE THE CROSS WAS PUT UP AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE (1 SEPTEMBER 1888).

Album XI * Image 26 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches

Oblong sign middle right in photograph reads:

NEW ZEALAND FARMERS'
COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION
of Canterbury Limited Agents for the

Hornsby Reaper and Binder.

Established along Cashel Street, Christchurch
in 1881 the business premises comprised a two
and a three-story brick building incorporating space for several retailers, drapery, earthenware, grocery, perfumery, carpets, stationery, hardware saddlery, seeds, Manchester goods, indeed “almost everything from a needle to an anchor.”

The members of the Co-operative owned shares and thus provided the capital to operate the
company. This provided the means and opportunity for them to realise the best possible return for their wool, grain, frozen meat, hides and skins for Australian and English markets as well as vast a range of retailed goods throughout New Zealand.

The success of the Association was such that by the mid-1890’s it had branches in Auckland (North Island, New Zealand) and Sydney (Australia) with an office in London (England).

The Co-op’s railway siding at South Belt, about fifteen miles north of Christchurch, stored a large stock of firewood and grades of coal. A hydraulic dumping plant under the supervision of the Association’s staff was available to members to unload their wool.

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G. HOWLAND & CO.,

AMERICAN COACH FACTORY

wheelwrights and blacksmiths

Cashel Street, Christchurch

incorporating Cobb and Co.

Stagecoach operators.

Howland's Thill-Coupling was a U.S. Patent device for connecting the thill,

(or shaft of a cart or carriage), to the animal drawing it.

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SKELTON, FROSTICK & CO., LIMITED

BOOT AND SHOE MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS

Skelton, Frostick & Co., Ltd., was formed in 1889

out of shoe manufacturers and general importers,

Lightband, Allan & Co., a company founded in the early 1870’s by Robert Allan and Mr. Lightband,

Allan became a director of Skelton, Frostick, along with

Mr. T. Skelton and Mr. J. A. Frostick.

The company was famous for its stylish

Zealandia Boots and Shoes.

From: Feilding Star, No. 585. May 1908. From: Ladies Mirror Volume 4 Issue 3 September 1925.

In 1895 the firm commissioned a four story brick building in Hereford Street,

where it employed two-hundred and eighty, making it the largest boot factory in the Colony.

Robert Allan died in 1927 aged eighty. Shortly after the difficult conditions of the
Great Depression resulted in liquidation of the Company.

Tourist's Guide to Canterbury 1902.

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METROPOLITAN TEMPERANCE HOTEL
located on Cashel Street, Christchurch, strictly adhered to temperance principals.

In 1893 the rate for accommodation was twelve shillings a day.

The hotel was opposite the Canterbury Bowling Club.

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NEW ZEALAND EXPRESS COMPANY

Campbell & Crust

The New Zealand Express Company, Limited was founded by

Mr. Henry Crust in partnership with Mr. Duncan Campbell in Dunedin in 1867. Within twenty-five years it was amongst the top carriage, customs, shipping and forwarding agencies in the Southern Hemisphere with New Zealand branches in Wellington, Christchurch, Auckland, Oamaru, Cargill as well as Dunedin and “responsible Agents in all the principal towns in the Colony and abroad.”

Henry Crust was born in the Lincolnshire, England town of Wainfleet in 1847. The family emigrated to Victoria, Australia in 1851. Henry was just fifteen years old when, with the discovery of gold near Dunedin in 1862, the family moved to
New Zealand, where he worked as a stock rider. Gold brought immense growth

to the region in terms of population, lavish building projects and opportunity.

In 1867, aged only twenty
Henry Crust grasped opportunity and formed his partnership with Duncan Campbell and
founded the New Zealand Express Company, specialising in the transport of goods.

Campbell died in 1883 at which time Crust took over as sole owner, bringing his son into the business, the company becoming known as Crust & Crust.

In 1895 the New Zealand Express Company Limited became a public company.

Henry Crust died in 1926.

On the 4^th of November 2022 New Zealand Express will celebrate

one hundred and fifty-five years in the transport business.

To read more click on the following link:

NZ Trucking. Celebrating 150 years in transport is a truly astonishing ...

By Special Appointment to Her Majesty Queen Victoria New Zealand Express Company
(From: Cook's Australasian Travellers' Gazette and Tourist Advertiser - July 1892.)

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CHRISTCHURCH EAST TAKEN FROM THE TOPMOST STONE OF THE SPIRE

OF THE CATHEDRAL JUST BEFORE THE CROSS WAS PUT UP

AFTER THE (SEPTEMBER 1888) EARTHQUAKE.

Album XI * Image 26 * Detail from original 8½ x 6 inches.

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CHRISTCHURCH EAST TAKEN FROM THE TOPMOST STONE OF THE SPIRE

OF THE CATHEDRAL JUST BEFORE THE CROSS WAS PUT UP

AFTER THE (SEPTEMBER 1888) EARTHQUAKE.

Album XI * Image 26 * Detail from original 8½ x 6 inches.

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SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH (Colombo Street)

TAKEN FROM ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE CATHEDRAL

Album XI * Image 27 * Size 8½ x 6 inches

Looking down Colombo Street, Christchurch in early 1890,

with Hereford Street, first left, High Street and Cashel Street second and third left.

The four story building right is Morten's Buildings, commissioned by Richard May Morten

who emigrated to Australia aged nineteen in 1859. After a spell in Tasmania he moved to Rakaia, Canterbury, New Zealand in 1860, later purchasing several large sheep stations including
Mount Pleasant, a block of 6,000 acres.

SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH

TAKEN FROM ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE CATHEDRAL

Album XI * Image 27 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches

Morten’s Building, also known as Morten’s Block
stood on the south-west corner of Cathedral Square
facing Colombo Street and Hereford Street.

The corner shop was at one time Barnett & Co., Chemists.

Richard May Morten, a highly successful sheep farmer
originating from Buckinghamshire, England, purchased the
land in 1865 for £3,750 and for twenty years numerous
small businesses traded on the site.

In February 1885 Morten’s young son laid the foundation stone for

Morton’s Buildings incorporating numerous shops at street level

and the Golden Age Hotel. Designed by architect Stoddart Lambert,

born in Selkirk, Scotland in 1840 who emigrated to Wellington, New Zealand in 1866, Morten Buildings was constructed of Mount Somers Stone, obtained from Morten's own quarry at Rakaia,

Morton’s Building cost £30,000 and was one of several Christchurch properties designed and supervised by Mr. Lambert, others included the Opera House, Y.M.C.A., Thompson, Shannon and Co’s Warehouse
and buildings for the 1882 Christchurch International Exhibition,
as well as many private residences.

Morten’s Buildings was demolished in early 1990.
Today the ANZ Bank stands on the site.

Richard Morten died aged eighty-two in August 1909.

SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH (Colombo Street)

TAKEN FROM ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE CATHEDRAL

Album XI * Image 27 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches

Cookson's Sample and Commercial Rooms building.

Williams Hairdresser 666.

SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH (Colombo Street)

TAKEN FROM ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE CATHEDRAL

Album XI * Image 27 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches

SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH

TAKEN FROM ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE CATHEDRAL

Album XI * Image 27 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches.

National Library of New Zealand.
NELSON MOAT & CO., COLOMBO STREET, CHRISTCHURCH

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SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH

TAKEN FROM ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE CATHEDRAL

Album XI * Image 27 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches.

The Drapery, Millinery and Clothing business of Lonargan and Lonargan,

formerly “Hobday’s” the building depicted was built in 1889 following a disastrous fire

when the business was acquired by Lonargan and Lonargan.

New Zealand Tablet - Volume XV - May 1887 * National Library of New Zealand.

New Zealand Tablet - Volume XVII - June 1889 * National Library of New Zealand.

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Harris’s Imperial Boot Depot, ladies and gentlemen footwear manufacturers,

both businesses were in Cashel Street, Christchurch.

From: The Star - Issue 7274 - 5 May 1892 * National Library of New Zealand

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D.I.C. - Drapery Importing Company of New Zealand, Ltd.

SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH

TAKEN FROM ONE OF THE BALCONIES OF THE CATHEDRAL

Album XI * Image 27 * Detail from original size 8½ x 6 inches.

D. I. C. - Heralded as being

“the advent of a new Company that will sell goods at reasonable profits for cash … ”

the Wholesale and Family Warehouse premises of D.I.C., - Drapery Importing Company of New Zealand, Ltd.,
was floated in Dunedin with a capital of £125,000
in 1884 and commenced trading on the 22^ndof May
in the cities High Street.
Its Christchurch warehouse opened the same year, and the Wellington branch shortly thereafter.

The Christchurch store, which gave employment to well

over two hundred, sold not only drapery but an extensive range of household, ironmongery, glassware, crockery,

heating stoves, carpets, indeed it seems there was very

little it did not sell;
it even had a large musical and piano department.

The Chairman of Directors was Bendix Hallenstein,
born in Germany in 1835 where his parents
owned a mill producing woolen cloth from rags.

Aged twenty-two he emigrated with his brothers
via Manchester, England,
to the goldfields of Victoria, Australia.

The brothers soon became more interested in

selling goods to the miners than panning for gold

and established a wine, spirit and general importing

business in Melbourne.

In early 1861 Bendix Hallenstein returned to England
to marry Mary Mountain on Valentine’s Day,
the 14^th of February.

The couple moved and settled in New Zealand in 1863.

From: Canterbury Society of Arts Annual Catalogue 1892

Retailers - University of Otago

For more information on D.I.C. and its founder please enter the link below on Google:

Bendix Hallenstein and family – Otago – Te Ara Encyclopedia
…

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ALBUM XI * IMAGE 28 * SIZE 8½ x 6 INCHES

Left: The Australian Mutual Provident Society / Right: Fletcher, Humphreys & Co.

The Australian Mutual Provident Society was established in Sydney in 1848 “to provide financial protection to those in need by sharing financial burdens.”

It began selling Life Policies in New Zealand in 1854 and opened its first

New Zealand office in Wellington in 1876.

On the 20^th of February 1886 The Press reported the Christchurch branch of the Australian Mutual Provident Society was officially opened the previous day at Chancery Lane, Cathedral Square “by a luncheon in the splendid room to be occupied by the Chamber of Commerce.”

Today, with over one hundred and fifty years of experience, the Society has over 400,000

New Zealand customers and 3.4 million customers world-wide.

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The firm of Messrs. Fletcher, Humphreys & Company, was established on Chancery Lane, Christchurch in 1882 by thirty-four year old George Humphreys, a pioneer of the tea packing industry, and John Johnston Fletcher and dealt in the importation of

wines, spirits, tea, sugar and general merchandise.

The formal Notices for the
Dissolution of Morrison, Sclanders and Fletcher
and creation of the Partnership of
Fletcher, Humphreys & Co.
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The three-storey building, with its Oamaru stone façade, was designed by New Zealand born architect Francis William Petre, 1847-1918.

Based in Dunedin, Petre was a prominent
and able exponent of the Gothic Revival style of architecture and was responsible for many of New Zealand’s 19^th century landmarks, including three cathedrals: St. Joseph’s, Dunedin; the Sacred Heart, Wellington and the Blessed Sacrement, Christchurch, the latter very badly

damaged by the 2011 earthquake.

George Humphreys was born in Wolverhampton, England, in 1848 and arrived in Christchurch, New Zealand in 1869 when he entered the service of long established general importers and merchants Morrison, Sclanders, Fletcher & Co., Hereford Street.

With the dissolution of the partnership on the 13^th of May 1882, John Fletcher joined with George Humphreys and founded Fletcher, Humphreys & Company on the 1^st July, 1882.

Following the death of Mr. Fletcher in 1889
Humphreys entered a new partnership with William Thomas Charlewood, both residing in New Zealand as Acting Consular Agent and Consular Agent
respectively for France.

Appointed president of the Chamber of Commerce in 1892 George Humphreys continued as a leading light in the commercial affairs of Christchurch until his death in 1934.

The Fletcher, Humphreys & Company building was demolished in 1971 to make way for a new AMP Wealth Management building.

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Edmund Wheeler’s studio was originally in Colombo Street

and later at 51, Cathedral Square, Christchurch.
Their Scenery Depot allowed portraits to be taken against a selection of backdrops.

Edmund Wheeler (snr.)was in his sixties when he and his twenty-two year old son,
also Edward, established their studio in Colombo Street, Christchurch in 1864.

Born c.1800 in Worcestershire, England, to Richard and Sarah Wheeler, in November 1837 he married Esther Walker and the couple had a daughter, Sarah Ann born 1840 and a son, Edmund Richard born 1842, the son in the photographic business.

A second son born 1845 died as an infant.

Records show the family living in Birmingham (Worcestershire, England) where Edmund (snr.) was employed in the malting industry, first as a maltster and in 1861 as a corn factor.

In 1863 the family emigrated to New Zealand, arriving at Lyttleton onboard the 1,089 ton sailing ship “Zambesi” on the 20^th of September.

They lived in a house in Colombo Street, which, along with other properties,

was destroyed by fire in June 1864. Sometime after Edmund Wheeler started his photographic business for in 1869, the recently appointed Governor of New Zealand,

Sir George Ferguson Bowen sat for his portrait in Wheeler’s Colombo Street Studio.

Edmund built a house for the family in nearby Hereford Street East and it was there
that he died aged seventy-seven on the 19^th of October 1877.
He was interred in Barbadoes Cemetery, Christchurch.
His wife, Esther, died aged ninety-one in February 1906.

Edmund Richard Wheeler
1842 - 1933

Edmund Richard Wheeler was born on the 27^th of October 1842
and was educated at King Edward Grammar School, Birmingham, where he excelled in Greek, Latin and French; he also applied
himself to the new medium of photography.

He had already opened a studio in England prior to emigrating to

New Zealand with the family in 1863 and very soon after arrival established E. Wheeler & Son in Colombo Street,

later at 51 Cathedral Square, very quickly establishing a reputation for his scenic studies, which, in 1894 were published in the two volume, “The Imperial Album of New Zealand Scenery”.

As a student of the English journalist and poet Sir Edwin Arnold,

Edmund acquired a deep and lasting love of books,

and in addition to his photographic work he wrote a regular book review column for the “Christchurch Times.”

He also wrote short stories and was an active member along with his sister Sarah

of the Royal Musical Society.

Edmund died on the 16^th of January 1933 aged ninety. His obituary in “The Press” said

“Christchurch had been deprived of an old and talented resident.”